Avaliação da frequência de polimorfismos de nucleotídeo único nos genes TNF-α, JAK1, VDR, DC-SIGN e FcγRIIa em pacientes com paracoccidioidomicose oral

Abstract

Fungi of the complex of species of the genus Paracoccidioides are agents that cause Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), a systemic mycosis and endemic in Latin America. Oral lesions occur in approximately 80% of patients with the chronic form and are characterized by the presence of granulomas that can indicate the level of the inflammatory reaction and the extension of the PCM. The disease evolution depend not only of the fungi strain, but also on the integrity and type of the immune response and on host genetic factors. Among the latter, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are highlighted in several components of the immune response. Among the SNPs whose associations have already been described for various infectious diseases, those present in genes such as TNF-α, JAK1, VDR, DC-SIGN and FcγRIIa are highlighted. In this context, this work aimed to evaluate the presence of the SNPs CD209 (rs4804803), FcγRIIa (rs1801274), JAK1 (rs11208534), TNF-α (rs1800629) and VDR (rs7975232) in the DNA samples from patients with oral PCM and its associations with the organization patterns of the granulomas in the lesions. For this, 66 samples of DNA obtained from oral lesions biopsies and respective slides of the biopsies for granuloma type classification and a control group of 106 DNA samples of healthy individuals were used. Genotyping was performed by real-time PCR and allele discrimination method. The results demonstrate that in the VDR (rs7975232) SNP, CC genotype(p-value <0.001, OR = 5.94, 95% CI 2.07 - 17.05), or individuals carrying the C allele (p-value = 0.027, OR = 2.71 CI 95% 1.07 - 6.86) and the GG genotype on DC-SIGN (rs4804803) (p-value = 0.032, OR = 3.76, 95% CI, 1,06 - 13,38) are associated with an increased risk of developing oral PCM, but not to the type of granuloma. Thus, the data presented in this work indicate that the variations derived from VDR (rs7975232) and DC-SIGN (rs4804803) SNPs are related to oral PCM susceptibility in the south/southwest of the state of Minas Gerais.