Mulheres, trabalho e terceirização: uma análise dos discursos das trabalhadoras terceirizadas da Universidade Federal de Alfenas

Abstract

The changes in working world that happened, mostly, in the second half of XX century, brought radical changes to the work environment. These changes, which were also a product of an economic conduction to the neoliberal model, caused an intense work condition precariousness. One of the most intense ways of this precariousness is the outsourcing of the activities both from private companies and from public administration agencies. The outsourcing is followed by lower incomes, a more intense work condition precariousness, more work accidents and a higher number of diseases both for male and female outsourced workers. The second group, due to gender and class inequalities which are involved in the work world, are affected by specific problems like lower income compared to men, lower chances of professional ascension, harassment, a more intense work condition precariousness, in addition to being considered exclusively responsible for the housework. Considering such issues, this dissertation has as a main objective to analyze the work and gender relations of the female outsourced worker at the Campus Varginha of Federal University of Alfenas. As specific objectives, seeks out: to characterize the university female outsourced workers; to understand the perception about work by the female outsourced workers; to identify the difficulties and problems faced by female outsourced workers inside the work environment; to understand the outsourcing implications in the female work. To reach these objectives, interviews were made with the female outsourced workers. After that, the interviews were analyzed based on the theoretical-methodological contributions of Critical Discourse Analysis in the Teun A. Van Dijk’s perspectives. It was possible to observe, through the discourses’ analysis, that the female workers experience a work estrangement, where it is seen just by the monetary optics, ignoring the emancipatory meaning of work, being present also in the discourses about motivations to reach a higher level of schooling or to fill another job role inside the institution. About the outsourcing, the female workers have a history of work in outsourced companies and, mostly, are in Unifal recently, indicating a repetition of the nacional tendency of high turnover of outsourced workers. Other main points were the invisibility of female workers compared to public servant, the high index of past due vacation and institutionalized separation between female outsourced workers and female public servant. Lastly, about gender, there was an occurrence of gender stereotype in many discourses, besides the harassment and absece of recreation and resting moments due to double journey performed by female outsourced workers.