“A gente tem que entender que algumas vezes não dá certo e pronto! É por isso que a mãe ama menos? Não, não é por isso!”: narrativas maternas da vivência do desmame precoce

Abstract

Mother’s milk is a complete food, able to supply all infant's necessities in the first months of life. It brings a lot of benefits to the mother, and to the baby as well. It is one of the mains strategies to reduce the child mortality. However, the breastfeeding rates are lower than the recommended. So, it’s absolutely necessary to build a new vision about the breastfeeding, that values its experience in the social, cultural and economic reality of the binomial mother and child. In this perspective, it aims to describe the mother’s vivency of the early weaning and to comprehend this by the oral relacts. It is a qualitative study of thematic oral history. This study was maded in a Minas Gerais’ Heatlh Ambulatory. The collaborators were six moms that stop to breastfeed their sons before the sixth month of life. The collect of data was made by semi structured interviews and field notebook's notes, with the following questions: Tell me how was your life during the breastfeeding process? Was there any change? What did you made front of this change? The data were collected by august 2017 to march 2018. The relacts were classificated in a process the has required data systematization. The interpretation of the narratives shows the speaking’s movement that has intertwine the vitals tons, the concepts and the attitude of the collaborators. To analyze the data, the Content Analysis method was used, in which five categories emerged: 1. Mothers ‘ lack of knowledge about Breastfeeding, which includes the subcategories: knowledge about breastfeeding; maternal perception of ease of breastfeeding; and benefits of breastfeeding in the mother's view; 2. Maternal Experience in Breastfeeding, with subcategories: previous experience in breastfeeding; attempt to maintain breastfeeding; 3. Health care in the Breastfeeding Process, with subcategories: Prenatal Care; Assistance of health professionals; 4. Maternal Sentiment in the Breastfeeding / Weaning Process, encompassing the subcategories: Mother's feelings in breastfeeding; Feeling of mothers with interruption of breastfeeding; Noncompliance with weaning; Consequences of weaning in the mother's vision; 5. Early Weaning experience with subcategories: Return of women to work; The influence of the use of devices; Introduction of other foods; Popular cultural influence; Family support; Absence and / or presence of affections in the breasts; Difficulty in breastfeeding; Reasons related to the baby: mothers' vision. Mothers experience breastfeeding with pleasure, being a moment of exchange of affection. However, this period is surrounded by uncertainties and insecurities, which increase with cultural interferences and beliefs that do not value breast milk. Nursing care is essential to support the mother-child-family triad in the breastfeeding process, from pregnancy to puerperium, by intervening in the individuality of each.