Avaliação da expansão rápida da maxila de crianças e adolescentes através do uso de biomarcadores salivares

Abstract

The rapid maxillary expansion (RME) is a technique used for treatment of malloclusions due to maxillary atresia. Nitric oxide (NO) and cortisol are biologic markers found on saliva for evaluation of inflammation and stress, respectively, which can be caused by orthodontic treatment. This study aimed to compare two kinds of expansors used on RME, Hyrax and Haas, trhough the releasing of nitric oxide and cortisol on saliva. Orthodontics and demographic characteristics of sixteen patients with 11 years and 6 months age (±1.95) were collected during a dental examination. The participants were divided into two groups according to the expansor used: G1 – Hyrax (n=9) and G2 – Haas (n=7). Five saliva samples were collected: before expansor placement (T1), 25 minutes after its first activation (T2), seven days after the expander placement; just patient’s arrival at clinic (T3) and 25 minutes after the activation performed at this day (T4) and one month after the last activation of the expander (T5). The saliva samples were analysed using a kit immunoassay and the Griess method to detect cortisol and NO, respectively. A descriptive analyze of the patient’s orthodontic condition were performed and Qui-square, Mann-Whitney and Friedman followed by Wilcoxon tests were used for statistical analysis. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. There was no difference between G1 and G2 regarding cortisol and NO at all collection times (p>0.05). In G2, the level of salivary cortisol was statistically significant lower in T2 compared to T1 (p=0.01), T3 (p=0.02) and T4 (p=0.05) and lower in T5 compared to T1 (p=0.04) and T3 (p=0.02). The level of nitric oxide was significantly higher in T1 compared to T3 (p=0.01) and T4 (p=0.04). In G1, there was no difference statistically significant among the collection times. To conclude, at the waiting room before the consultation is more stressful than the procedure itself. Also, the inflammation caused during the RME could be more related to the patients’ oral hygiene.