Efeito do Stryphnodendron Adstringens na cicatrização de feridas complexas de pessoas com pé biabético

Abstract

The incidence of Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the largest among other global health situations of the 21st century. Permanent hyperglycemia, resulting from ineffective control, corroborates the risk of developing complications, especially Diabetic Foot. The changes caused by the disease in the nerves and peripheral blood vessels directly affect the mobility and daily life activities of people with DM, and although tissue repair is a systemic process, the use of topical therapy makes the physiological process possible, adequate for healing. Among the topical therapies that do not require advanced high technology, Stryphnodendron adstringens (barbatimão) presents promising for the development of a phytotherapeutic medicine. Scientific evidence on the use of barbatimão in wounds of people diagnosed with DM has been scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the extract of the plant Stryphnodendron adstringens on the healing of complex wounds of people with Diabetic Foot. This is a longitudinal field study with a quantitative and descriptive approach, a single case study with ABA design, comprising three phases: baseline (A), treatment (B) and return to the baseline (A). In total, each participant was followed up for a period of four months. The study was developed in a municipality in the South of Minas Gerais, the sample was for convenience constituted by five people with wounds arising from the Diabetic Foot. An instrument of sociodemographic and clinical characterization, evaluation and description of the wounds and the monitoring of the evolution of the wounds, every 15 days, through digital photography, 30 cm polystyrene ruler, crystal color and standard ruler made in graphic, with an area of 1cm. Dressings were carried out in the domicile of the participants, once a day, with the cover processed with plant extract Stryphnodendron adstringens 5%. After adequate wound cleaning with 0.9% SF, a quantity of cover processed with 5% Stryphnodendron adstringens plant extract was deposited in the sterile glove, sufficient to cover the entire area of the wound, and then applied with the sterile gloved finger directly in the wound, taking care not to apply to the whole skin, and after being occluded with sterile gauze and fixed with crepe bandage. Descriptive statistics were used to describe and summarize the studied variables. The effectiveness of the ointment was demonstrated by the clinical improvement observed in the photographs and the evaluation of the clinical data of the wound. In view of the results obtained, the ointment processed with the extract of the plant Stryphnodendron adstringens 5% can aid in the healing process of diabetic foot wounds. However, further studies are needed to prove the safety, efficacy and quality of this product in the wound healing of people with Diabetic Foot, in order to offer an option of safe treatment of this plant species, in the list of herbal medicines available by the System Health.