Fatores que contribuem para o cancelamento de itens dos pregões eletrônicos: análise dos processos de compras da UNIFAL-MG

Abstract

The auction mode, in its electronic form, has as its main characteristics the speed, transparency, flexibility in procedures, economy and increased competitiveness. Despite the positive characteristics attributed to this modality, which is even the most used by the Public Administration, it is necessary to understand the reasons for the failure of certain electronic trading sessions, because when an electronic trading is unsuccessful, another bidding process is launched. Generates more costs for the public agency responsible for the event. Thus, the present study aims to identify the intrinsic and extrinsic factors to the bidding process that may contribute to the cancellation of items of the bidding process, in electronic form, performed by the Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG). The research established as specific objectives: to characterize the electronic auction held by UNIFAL-MG, to analyze the results of the electronic auctions held in 2017, to identify and analyze the reasons that influenced the cancellation of electronic auction items and to propose actions that may contribute to the reduction. of the index of canceled items of the electronic auctions of UNIFAL-MG. Therefore, the present research is classified as objectives as descriptive and exploratory, of mixed nature (quali-quanti). As for data collection, the research is characterized as documentary and bibliographic. For data analysis, the content analysis technique was used. The results of the research indicated that the reasons that contributed to the higher incidence in the cancellation of items were: lack of bid and bid values launched by bidders above the estimated value used as a reference by UNIFAL-MG. The study also presented the relationship between the reasons for item cancellation and the conditions of the Transaction Cost Theory: uncertainty, limited rationality, asset specificity and opportunism. As for the intrinsic factors, those that the institution has control, it was observed that these relate mainly to price research and specification of the object to be bid. Extrinsic factors, those over which the institution has no control, were found to be related to the bidder not sending documentation and samples, being prevented from bidding, requesting the declassification of the bid or offering a different product from the bidder. The intervention proposal presented actions and suggestions related to three aspects: specification of the product to be bid, price research and qualification of those involved in the purchase process.