A diversidade de respostas das aves, cobertura florestal e sazonalidade das chuvas como principais fatores que afetam a resiliência da paisagem

Abstract

Tropical forests resilience is affec ted by spatial and temporal variation of abi otic and biot ic f acto rs. Identify which set of factors contributes most to resilience is important to evaluate forest stability under recent anthropogenic pressures, such as habitat loss and fragmentation. Theref ore, our aim was to determine the major dirv ers and its i nter acti ons that affect landscape resilience in Atlantic Fores t biome, and how this ecosystem process in fluence bird’s FD. We used generalized linear models to evaluate the effects of rainfall season ality, soil fertility, forest cover and bird ’s response d iver sity on resilience. We estimated resilience through the va riation of plant biomass quantity between the years of 2000 2016, given by the Normalized Difference of Vegetation Index (NDVI). Our best models showed the influence of forest cover and rainfall sea sona lit y on landscape resilience. Our results highlight th e fragility of forest located in the inter ior of the Atlantic Forest biome, which are related to a high rainfall seasonality and low nati ve forest cover. The response diversity of o mnivorous bir ds s tron gly influenced landscape resilience. The high response diversity of this group, allows the speci es to thrive, even under environmental changes. Althought they are omnivorous, 30% of their die t is composed of fruits, and some of them ar e habitat gen eral ists . T hus, they can achieve its resources in distinct typ e of habitat and through dipersal, contrib ute to the regeneration process in degraded areas. Therefore, we also highlight the importance of a management aimed at the conservation of species with in f unct ion al groups rather than the number of groups. It is i mportant to consider conservation strategi es that includes a set of species functional traits that are relevant to dispersion and regener ation process.