Análise espacial da produção madeireira proveniente da silvicultura nos anos de 2009 e 2018

Abstract

The planted forest sector with an emphasis on wood products plays an important role for the economy of Brazil, being one of the main world producers. The main segments are roundwood products (cellulose, sawmill and panels), wood for charcoal and firewood. The production for these purposes is characterized by spatial patterns between the producing regions. Therefore, the present work aims to analyze and verify the behavior in relation to the spatial aspects involved in the production of firewood (m3) in logs (m3), coal (tons) from forest plantations in Brazilian municipalities between 2009 , characterized by a deep crisis in the planted forest sector, and the most current period (2018) in the database of Vegetable Extraction and Silviculture (PEVS - IBGE). Thus, exploratory analysis of spatial area data was used to verify the existence of spatial autocorrelation between the production and also the spatial cluster obtained through Moran's I global and local index statistically tested by pseudo-significance test (1000 permutations) with a level of significance of 5% (α = 0,05). The results obtained demonstrate that, in addition to the fact that the general production presents considerable growth between the analyzed periods, there is a significant positive spatial dependence for all variables and that the observed local patterns, mainly in relation to the high/high agglomerations, which have characteristics related mainly to the regions where the pulp production chain for roundwood (m3), the metallurgy industry for charcoal (t) and agricultural production in the case of firewood (m3) were well established in the period. Therefore, the present work suggests that the large productive clusters for the variables of forestry production between the years 2009 and 2018 are present mainly in large industrial hubs, where the wood market, in general, meets a regional demand.