Decomposição dos diferenciais de rendimentos no Brasil nos anos de 2012 e 2018: a discriminação entre gêneros e mulheres com filhos no mercado de trabalho

Abstract

The increasing participation of women in the labor market is one of the most striking features of employment dynamics in the 20th century. However, this increase in female participation has not been able to reduce the wage gap between men, women and women with children. Thus, this study aims to analyze the existence of wage differences between men, women without children and women with children based on the education required in the occupations and to evidence whether the differentiation of wages between genders is related to the discrimination effect. For this investigation, an Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition was carried out based on data from the Continuous PNADs for the years 2012 and 2018. The results showed that the biggest salary difference found was between men and women with children and the smallest was between women without children and women with children. The wage gap between men and women (without children and with children) is mostly influenced by discrimination, whereas the discrepancy between women without children and with children is explained by productive factors. Finally, it should be noted that the wage gap narrowed from 2012 to 2018 in all groups.