Evidências acerca da ventilação percussiva em pacientes hospitalizados – revisão sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: High-frequency percussive ventilation (HFPV) is a technique that delivers small jets of high-flow gas to the lung, with the aim of mobilizing and consequently eliminating secretions from patients with primary respiratory diseases or secondary clinical conditions. These high-frequency gas pulses expand the lungs, vibrate and widen the airways, releasing gas in the distal lung units, promoting, in addition to the removal of accumulated mucus, alveolar recruitment. It is considered as an adjunct therapy in the clinical management of hospitalized patients. Objective: To systematically analyse the evidence about the effectiveness of percussive ventilation as an alternative to ventilatory support in the treatment of hospitalized patients. Material and Method: This is a systematic literature review, carried out by bibliographic research from February 2021 to June 2021, using the PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs, Scopus and Web of Science interfaces. Studies published from 2015 to 2021 and with the following designs were included for analysis: Randomized and Non- Randomized Clinical Trials, Observational Studies and Cross over, selected in two stages. Results: 1.087 articles were retrieved and after evaluation of the articles in full by two evaluators independently, ten articles were included in this review and submitted to descriptive analysis, sample characterization and evaluation of clinical trials using the PEDro scale. Based on the evaluations of the articles included in this study, the percussive ventilation technique was used as an alternative therapy for patients in different clinical conditions such as postoperative cardiac surgery, obese and burn patients, showing superiority in several aspects when compared to other therapies usually used, mainly to conventional mechanical ventilation which often fails. Conclusion: High-frequency percussive ventilation showed a low amount of evidence for most of the outcomes found, however it seems to be a promising technique as an adjunct therapy for hospitalized patients, so more studies are needed to evaluate its use.