Efeito do treinamento aeróbico na programação fetal, na indução da obesidade e suas consequências no sistema respiratório da prole

Abstract

Obesity is increased by chronic morbidity, which is an exaggerated importance to the body. Fetal programming basically deals with the consequences of the interaction between the external environment (phenotype) and the biological factors of the pregnant woman and the fetus (gen). Physical training is defined as physical improvement, in its morphological and functional aspects. But do physical exercises for mothers and pregnancy during pregnancy benefit before their children's complementary system? For this, 62 Swiss mice were used (CEUA UNIFAL-MG 03/2020): 12 females and 6 males. The 44 pups generated were distributed into normal and nested litters (obesity induction). Obesity pups were not defined according to mother training and induction, in CTA (training), NCTA (training), OTA (training and obesity) and NOTA (not and obesity). Life weight (at 26 days of life) was 18.5 ± 0.4 and 22.2 ± 0.4g; respectively for the CTA and OTA groups (p<0.001); 18.8 ± 0.3 and 22.9 ± 0.5g respectively for the NCTA and NOTA groups (p<0.004). The results indicate that there was obesity and profile independent of the protocol that the matrix was disclosed. Subsequently, the animals were anesthetized tracheostomized and anesthetized, a mechanical ventilator, SCIREQ, Montreal, Canada, version for evaluating the system's resistance (cmH 2 O.s/mL), under saline (Sal) or methacholine (MCh) management. MCh administered resulted in higher Rtot value for the NOTA group (3.37 ± 0.37) and lower value for OTA (1.75 ± 0.22), p <0.01. This same pattern is seen in the Raw parameter. For the biochemical profile, the results of the calcium parameter were, in mg/dL, 8,21 ± 0,23 for NCTA, 7,76 ± 0,12 for CTA, 8,97 ± 0,28 for NOTA, and 9,05 ± 0,31 for OTA; without parameter total cholesterolemia (mg/dL) were: 79,89 ± 11,77 for NCTA; 77,38 ± 11,63 for CTA; 92,40 ± 11,72 for NOTA; and 113,2 ± 9,20 for OTA. Without blood glucose parameters (mg/dL) they were: 120,4 ± 6,04 for NCTA; 154,9 ± 3,98 for CTA; 153,2 ± 13,73 for NOTA; and 165,1 ± 3,11 for OTA. And finally, triglyceridemia without parameter (mg/dL) were: 127,3 ± 21,8 for NCTA; 187,4 ± 31,4 for CTA; 163,8 ± 17,6 for NOTA; and 198,3 ± 24,2 for OTA. In the histology, obesity influenced the expression of elastic fibers and collagen fibers in both lung tissue and diaphragm. In contrast, aerobic physical training seems to help reduce collagen fibers in both tissues. These results indicate that obesity causes negative obesity in the system. In another way, training in mothers can attenuate obesity resistance in offspring; aerobic training may have also positively influenced pulmonary histology. Therefore, epigenetic mechanisms will allow moderate to low aerobic exercise training to increase the change in the offspring's reinforcement system.