Análise da implementação da política de cotas, com critérios raciais: a experiência da Universidade Federal de Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG

Abstract

Law No. 12,711/2012 instituted the reservation of vacancies in federal universities and federal high-level technical education institutions, becoming widely known as the Quota Law. Aiming to know how this public policy actually behaves at the organizational level, the present study sought to analyze the implementation of the public policy of quotas, with racial criteria, for undergraduate students, formulated by the federal government, at the Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG ), in the period from 2012 to 2021, based on the implementation stage of the Public Policy Cycle (Policy Cycle), unfolding in: (i) Describing the trajectory of the policy at UNIFAL-MG; (ii) Analyze the institution's normative structure; and (iii) Analyze the organizational administrative apparatus. In view of this, the internal normative and regulatory evolution and the institution's administrative apparatus on this affirmative action were considered. In methodological procedural terms, the research is characterized as descriptive and exploratory, with a qualitative approach and applied nature. In the results and discussions, it was found that, in general, there was a process of progressive changes in the internal normative structure, with clear and coherent objectives, as well as the creation of hetero-identification commissions, description of activities, definition of rules and criteria to be be followed, consistent and aligned with the higher legislation, with the operational dynamics (procedures and activities) and with the local and regional reality. In addition, the active participation of the actors involved with the implementation of the policy was verified, through human resources and the organizational structure (bodies, commissions and internal councils) available, including in training actions, which contributed to support the apparatus administrative in the execution of the quota policy, with racial criteria, to achieve the objectives of this important policy of affirmative action in higher education, within the scope of UNIFAL-MG. On the other hand, critical points were also identified in the course of its execution, but which can (and should) be improved, among which we can highlight the absence of representatives of the black social movement and quota students in the activities of the commissions of hetero-identification and the lack of concrete actions to monitor and evaluate the implementation of the policy.