Perfil nutricional e cobertura do sistema de vigilância alimentar e nutricional em uma macrorregião de saúde: estudo ecológico

Abstract

Obesity is a chronic disease of increasing prevalence, considered one of the biggest public health problems in the world. Health information systems are important tools for monitoring the prevalence of obesity, to guide actions to combat obesity, both by managers and health professionals. The objective of this study was to analyze the nutritional profile and coverage of the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN) in a health macro-region of Minas Gerais. Ecological time series study with data on the nutritional status of adults of both sexes, obtained from the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System, from 2009 to 2020, analyzed with descriptive statistics and polynomial regression. 104,238 records were identified in 2009, 88% were female; in 2020 there were 210823 records, 72% female. There was an increase in SIVAN coverage, with higher rates of coverage for females throughout the evaluated period (2009=17.7% and 2020=31.8%), with coverage for males being lower (2009=1.83 % and 2020=10.3%). In addition, an increasing temporal trend was observed for obesity (r2= 87.3; p<0.001) and overweight (r2= 99.5; p<0.001). The general prevalence for normal weight (r2= 97.2; p<0.001) and low weight (r2= 98.7; p<0.001) was decreasing in the evaluated period. Thus, it can be concluded that there was an increase in the coverage of the system in the period evaluated, and an increasing temporal trend for the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity.