Capacidade de mineralização de células-tronco da polpa de dentes decíduos esfoliados humanos cultivadas com fragmentos de dentes bovinos

Abstract

Although autologous bone graft is considered the gold standard in bone reconstruction surgeries, its use has restrictions such as low availability and the need for a second surgical site to collect the material. Teeth are biomaterials with physical and chemical properties very similar to bone, and the availability of bovine teeth is greater than that of human teeth. This work aimed to investigate the in vitro osteogenic response of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) in association with particles from bovine teeth. For this purpose, SHED were cultivated for 1, 7, 14 and 21 days and divided into the following groups: Group 1: particulate bovine tooth + conventional culture medium (MEMα) + SHED; Group 2: MEMα + SHED; Group 3: particulate bovine tooth + osteogenic culture medium (OM) + SHED; Group 4: MO + SHED. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of calcium ion deposition in the mineralized matrix of SHED was carried out using the alizarin red colorimetric assay. The detection of the TGFb1 protein was performed using the Elisa immunoenzymatic assay. The values obtained in triplicate were submitted to statistical analysis, adopting a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). The results found in the alizarin red and Elisa assays followed exactly the same pattern, with higher absorbance values at 14 days for the G4 group (SHED + osteogenic medium) and at 21 days for the G3 group (SHED + osteogenic medium + particles of bovine tooth). Therefore, SHED demonstrated the capacity of deposition of calcium ions in the formation of mineralized matrix and expression of TGFβ1 both when cultivated exclusively in osteogenic medium (G3) and in osteogenic medium concomitant with the presence of bovine tooth particles (G4), with more expressive results in the G4.