Ações de vigilância sanitária em serviços de saúde brasileiros: revisão integrativa

Abstract

The present study analyzed evidence available in the literature on health surveillance actions within the scope of Brazilian health services. To achieve the objective, an integrative literature review was conducted. The research question was created using the acronym PICo. An adapted single search d search strategy was used to search for primary studies in the CINAHL, Embase, LILACS, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. Primary studies that addressed health surveillance actions in Brazilian health services, published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, from 2012 onwards were included. The final sample included fourteen studies, and data extraction was carried out using a script constructed and validated by the authors. Twelve studies were descriptive and two were exploratory. In the design, nine studies were retrospective using documentary research. In the critical assessment of methodological quality, the fourteen studies had 'yes' as the most frequent answer to the questions present in the critical review forms. The results were interpreted under two main categories: study characterization and study development data, the latter being organized into two subcategories, to guide decision-making in each group. The first subcategory organized studies on sanitary operating conditions of health services and the second dealt with studies related to processes and working conditions in health surveillance. As for the authors of the studies, two were nurses. The health services studied were pharmacies, hospitals, obstetric and neonatal care services, clinical analysis laboratories, dialysis, hemotherapy, and mammography services. Eighteen most frequent non-conformities in health services were highlighted. There was a lack of integration between health surveillance and other healthcare services. Validated instruments support the classification of potential health risks. Monitoring programs are useful tools for health surveillance interventions. Despite the evidence highlighted, there are still few studies that deal with health surveillance in health services. More studies on the subject are necessary, with more robust designs and levels of evidence, in order to generate better evidence of impact to be recommended for decision-making in health surveillance practices in several Brazilian health services.