Simulação computacional de aplicação de nanoestruturas no aprimoramento de biossensores: detecção e diagnóstico eficiente de doenças cardíacas

Abstract

The development of research into nanostructures has attracted the attention of institutions all over the world and the application of nanotechnology has shown promise. The use of biosensors for faster and more reliable detection of biological markers, such as Troponin T, has accumulated positive data. Molecular dynamics simulations using computational resources result in total binding energy data between different carbon nanotubes and troponin T, so that it is possible to compare the interaction capacity between these structures. Every year, according to the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), cardiovascular diseases cause two million deaths in the Americas, making them the leading cause of death. More than 75% of deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries, a fact that motivates and justifies the research and development of more efficient and smaller equipment so that it can be produced on a large scale, minimizing costs and facilitating transport and distribution to collaborate with medical teams. According to data and statistics on heart disease, cerebrovascular accidents and other cardiovascular diseases published by the American Heart Association on January 26, 2022:  Between 2017 and 2018, the total cost due to cardiovascular diseases was US$ 378.0 billion, of which US$ 226.2 billion in direct costs and US$ 151.8 billion in indirect costs due to lost productivity/mortality  In 2020, cardiovascular diseases were responsible for approximately 19.05 million deaths worldwide. Carbon nanotubes are structures with wide applicability, because their properties can be altered with simple modifications to their composition.