Reprodução social, ideologia e educação : um estudo comparado entre Louis Althusser e Pierre Bourdieu

Abstract

This paper aimed to study the conceptual and methodological differences between Louis Althusser and Pierre Bourdieu in relation to the way they analyzed the role of the

education system and the school system in legitimizing social hierarchy and, conse- quently, in maintaining inequalities between classes, in a process that would enable

social reproduction. In addition, the life trajectory of each of the authors was analyzed, as well as the reception of their works in Brazil. In order to do this, a qualitative and bibliographical study was carried out, using comparative content analysis, mainly the works "On the reproduction" (ALTHUSSER, 1999), and "Reproduction: elements for a

theory of the teaching system" (BOURDIEU; PASSERON, 2014); as well as "Ideolog- ical apparatuses of state: notes on the ideological apparatuses of state" (1991) and

"The distinction: social critique of judgment" (BOURDIEU, 2011). The results showed the differences between the categories "social reproduction", "ideology", "habitus, ethos and doxa", "individual" and "education system". The conclusion showed that, currently, the assessment that Bourdieu and Althusser are authors who fit into the same

classification is no longer possible as it was previously, during the period of re-ac- ceptance in which the works arrived in Brazil partially and slowly. Furthermore, alt- hough the authors identify that the education system, in the way it works, contributes to maintaining social inequalities, the methodology used in their analysis and the re- sults they arrive at have relevant differences that cannot be disregarded.