Estudo experimental comparando propriedades físico-químicas e caracterização de superfície do 5MO e do MTA Branco

Abstract

Repairing endodontic materials play a crucial role in maintaining dental functionality by improving healing outcomes and preventing extractions. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), a calcium silicate-based cement, stands out for its bioactivity and biocompatibility, being considered the gold standard in endodontic repairs. However, new materials have been developed, such as the five mineral oxides cement (5MO). This study aimed to compare the physicochemical properties of 5MO and White MTA, focusing on pH, setting time, solubility, chemical composition, and surface characterization. The pH was analyzed at 37°C at 3, 12, 24, 72 hours, and 7, 14, 21 days, and the setting time test followed ISO 6876-2012 standard. For the solubility test, samples were weighed, stored in distilled and deionized water for 24 hours, dried, and weighed again. Solubility was calculated using the samples' weight loss (%). Surface analysis of the cements was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and chemical analysis by Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) (37-100°C). Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk and Student's t-test (p < 0.05). Both materials maintained an alkaline pH throughout the study period, essential for antimicrobial activity and tissue mineralization. However, White MTA maintained higher alkalinity at 21 days, indicating potential long-term stability advantages. Setting time analysis revealed that 5MO has a significantly longer setting time compared to White MTA, which may impact clinical handling efficiency. Furthermore, 5MO showed higher solubility after immersion in PBS, potentially compromising material stability and sealing effectiveness over time. Surface characterization using SEM/EDS highlighted distinct particle morphologies and compositions, while FTIR analysis further differentiated chemical bonds and hydration products between the cements. In conclusion, although 5MO exhibits promising alkalinity and elemental composition favorable for tissue regeneration, its longer setting time and higher solubility compared to White MTA may limit its clinical utility