Efeito antinociceptivo e antiinflamatório do extrato etanólico e da benzofenona 7-epiclusianona isolada de folhas de Garcinia brasiliensis Mart.(Clusiaceae)

Abstract

The species Garcinia brasiliensis, known as “bacupari”, is native to the Amazon and cultivated throughout Brazil. Their leaves are used in folk medicine to treat tumors, inflammation of the urinary tract and arthritis as well as to relief pain. This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the ethanolic extract of leaves (GbEE) and the 7-epiclusianone, a natural polyisoprenilated benzophenone isolated from G. brasiliensis, in several animal models. The action of the benzophenone was also investigated ex vivo throughout an anti-inflammatory assay, focusing neutrophil respiratory burst and the biochemical pathway. Antiinflammatory activity was found for both GbEE (30, 100 and 300 mg /kg) p.o. and for 7-epiclusianone (5, 10 and 15mg/kg) p.o. to reduce the paw edema induced by carrageenan and to inhibit leukocyte recruitment into the peritoneal cavity. In addition, through the induction model of chronic inflammation, was observed a statistically significant reduction of granulomatous tissue formation. Moreover, peripheral antinociceptive effect was attributed to GbEE suggesting that this extract could be more effective against inflammatory pain, whereas for benzophenone was verified both peripheral and central antinociceptive activity through different mechanisms.The compound 7-epiclusianone (10 to 100 μg) was also able to reduce and even suppress the release of superoxide anion by inflammatory phagocytes through a mechanism controlled by protein tyrosine phosphorylation and by direct stimulation of protein kinase C, suggesting new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of inflammatory processes and development of new drugs. So, it was demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of the leaves of G. brasiliensis and the benzophenone isolated which supports previous claims of the traditional use of this species against inflammation and pain.