Análise de dietil tiofosfato e dietil ditiofosfato urinários empregando MISPE E Gc-Ms e estudo das correlações desses metabólitos com colinesterases sanguíneas e frequência de micronúcleos em ratos expostos a dissulfoton

Abstract

An analytical method constituted by molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction (MISPE) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was developed for analyses of benzene metabolites (diethyl thiophosphate - DETP and diethyl dithiophosphate - DEDTP) in human urine samples. A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for DETP was synthesized using 4-vinylpiridine as functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as cross linker. The conditioning step of the MISPE was processed flowing though the MIP cartridge 3 mL of acetonitrile, 3 mL of dibasic phosphate buffer 0.1 mol L−1 pH 11 and 2 mL of water. The extraction step was executed using 1.0 mL of urine sample with pH previously adjusted to 3.0. Finally, the analytes were eluted with 3 mL of acetonitrile and derivatized with 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl bromide 3% at room temperature during 1h. The sample was analyzed by GC-MS. Analytical calibration curves for DETP and DEDTP were constructed using a pool of urine sample and for six levels of concentration. The method was linear from 10 to 500 μg L−1, with r = 0.99 and limit of detection of 3.0 μg L−1, for both analytes. The within-day and between-day precisions were evaluated (as percentage of RSD) and all results were < 15% for both analytes. The method was accurate, with good recovery and robustness. Later this method was used to determine the concentrations of DETP and DEDTP in urine samples of rats exposed to disulfoton. Besides the concentration of dialkyl phosphates, it was determined blood cholinesterase activity and the incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in the same animals, in order to establish a relationship between the dose of exposure and the evaluated parameters. It was observed that the plasma cholinesterase activity did not reflect very well the correlation between exposure dose and effect, unlike the erythrocyte cholinesterases. The concentration of dialkyl phosphates gave a good correlation with exposure dose. By the frequency of micronucleated polychro-matic erythrocytes was possible to observe that, similarly to other organophosphates pesticides (OPs), disulfoton can causes mutagenicity.