Violência doméstica contra a mulher no município de Guaxupé - MG, Brasil

Abstract

Violence against women is a public health problem, once it accompanies the whole society and occurs at all levels of social and economic development, and the locals more often sought by those women are the police stations and the health services, occupying therefore a prominent place in the management of these cases. This research has the quantitative approach of the descriptive type, exploratory and transversal and aimed to identify the existence of violence against women in the city of Guaxupé, Minas Gerais, among users of the “Estratégia de Saúde da Família” – ESFs (Family Health Strategy) and those who have recorded a police report (PR) at the Regional Civil Police. Data collection was performed in two stages: first questionnaires were administered to women living in the nearby areas of ESFs and subsequently it was held the assessment of violence against women, with the study of PRs at the police station. 348 questionnaires were administered to women of ESFs, settled 95% confidence and a margin of error of 5%. For descriptive and analytical statistical analyzes we used SPSS software, version 17, using the chi-square test, the Fisher’s Exact, and the Kruskal-Wallis test to explore the relationships between the variables of the study. The percentage of 37,6% of the women interviewed suffered domestic violence at some point in their lives, and the moral and psychological violence were more frequently identified, pursued by the physical, sexual, and patrimonial violence. The main perpetrators of these women were former partners (37,4%) and spouses (35,9%) and in the act of aggression 41,6% of these were drunk. The domestic environment was the most frequent site of violence, while 34,4% said they had denounced their ​​attacker to the police station. In the second phase, we collected 163 PRs that were classified under the Maria da Penha Law, those victims were women and it was established 95% confidence and a margin of error of 4,4%. Most victims and perpetrators were in the age range from 20 to 34 years and it was found a low level of education among those involved in the complaint. The weekends were considered more likely to occur violence against women, with 49% of the PRs were recorded on Saturdays and Sundays, a period in which the offender is more time at home, especially during the night from 6pm to 11pm. In 66,7% of BOs it was not found the presence of physical injury on the victim and the perpetrators of these women were mostly their partners or ex-partners. Relating the PRs with the areas connected to the ESFs of the municipality it was realized that 27,6% of these addresses corresponding to those areas. The results corroborate with previous research conducted to describe the phenomenon of violence against women and point to the need for intersectorial and multidisciplinary intervention alongside victims and their families, as well as the creation of public policies directed to these cases in order to promote the completeness of actions for the welfare and safety of those involved, both in the judiciary, as well as in healthcare. For the city of Guaxupé these become the first data on violence against women related to the health service, which will allow the implement of more effective preventive actions by the municipality.