Preparação e Caracterização de materiais vtreos e vitrocerâmicos óxidos e oxifluoretos baseados em TeO2 e Pb(PO3)2

Abstract

The main purpose of this work was the preparation and characterization of new oxide and oxyfluoride glasses compositions based on glass formers such as TeO2 and Pb(PO3)2 and lead fluoride PbF2 for obtaining amorphous and polycrystalline materials useful in optics. First, we explored the new binary system TeO2-Pb(PO3)2 and obtained stable glasses. Glassy samples can be obtained over a wide range of this binary system. These glass compositions were characterized using traditional techniques in the study of non-crystalline materials such as thermal analysis (DSC), X-ray diffraction and vibrational spectroscopy (IR and Raman) and nuclear magnetic resonance in solid state of 31P. The results obtained from thermal analysis allowed the determination of the characteristic temperatures, which were used to evaluate the thermal stability of the glass against crystallization. The structural investigations by vibrational spectroscopy allowed evaluating structural changes in the glass network as a function of composition. After thermal and structural characterizations, a systematic crystallization study has been conducted to determine the crystalline phases precipitated by heat treatment in glass samples of the system TeO2-Pb(PO3)2, and the dominant crystallization mechanism (surface or volume) of each phase. These results were used to determine which compositions should be promising for obtaining transparent glass ceramics. In a second step, the ternary system TeO2-Pb(PO3)2-PbF2 was explored to evaluate the possibility of heavy metal fluoride incorporation in the phosphate tellurium matrix. Glass compositions containing up to 35% PbF2 can be obtained from the ternary system. A systematic crystallization study was realized in this system with an identification of the crystalline phases precipitated in samples with high PbF2 concentrations. Nucleation tests using gold doping were also realized for a more efficient nucleation step and preferential precipitation.