Avaliação da proliferação, migração e diferenciação de células-tronco pulpares após tratamento com mta, hidróxido de cálcio ou biodentine

Abstract

Conservative pulp treatments, such as the pulpotomies of primary teeth, require the use of capping materials that respect the biological properties of the remaining dental pulp, thus preserving its vitality, stimulating its defensive ability and enhancing its regeneration. Knowing the responses of dental pulp stem cells to these materials is of particular interest. It is believed that a capping material that stimulates pulp regeneration will allow differentiation of dental pulp stem cells into odontoblasts, inducing the formation of new dentin and sealing the pulp chamber biologically. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the biological effects of MTA, calcium hydroxide (CH) and Biodentine on stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). Thus, SHED were cultured in MEMα culture medium conditioned with one of the capping materials (MTA, Biodentine or CH) and tested for proliferation, migration and differentiation through the analysis of DMP-1 gene expression. The three materials at a concentration of 1 mg/mL induced an increase in the rate of cell proliferation, with a greater number of cell observed for CH group at the 7th day. Besides, greater cell migration toward Biodentine conditioned medium was observed, followed by the migration toward MTA and CH. Regarding differentiation, the results suggest that all the tested materials induce stem cell differentiation into odontoblasts, with MTA presenting the greatest odontogenic potential, since DMP-1 expression was observed from day 7 and was more intense when compared to the other groups over time. Therefore, the three materials induce proliferation, migration and differentiation, which are desirable features for pulp capping materials in pulpotomy of primary teeth. The possibility of inducing stem cells to differentiate into a cell type through a guided induction is very important because it enables their use in various regenerative therapies and tissue engineering.