Utilização do lodo têxtil no cultivo de tífton

Abstract

The industrial progress in recent decades has contributed to the generation of various types of waste, this waste if not properly designed can cause major problems of environmental contamination. In this sense, the aim of this research was to evaluate the potential of textile sludge as an alternative fertilizer for forage of the genus Cynodon sp, using as indicator plant Tifton. The experiment was conducted in pots under field conditions. We used a completely randomized design with seven treatments (0, 1, 2, 3, 5 and 8 t ha-1 textile sludge was also carried out a treatment consisting of pure soil) with four replications. After 15 days of the plantation was a cut to the homogenization of plants, and for all treatments was carried out a dressing with 40 kg ha-1 nitrogen and 40 kg ha-1 K2O, using 200 kg of fertilizer NPK (20-00-20), except for the treatment consisted only of soil. Each plot consisted of a pot totaling 28 plots. Each pot received four rooted cuttings of Tifton standardized size and 7 dm3 of the mixture: soil + sludge fiber (bulk density = 1.0 kg.dm3), according to the treatment described. Evaluations of plant development were evaluated: shoot height, number of tillers, shoot dry weight, root elongation and root dry mass. For anatomical analyzes were evaluated: stomatal density, stomatal index, stomatal function, mesophyll thickness, thickness of the epidermis of the abaxial surface, thickness of the adaxial epidermis, diameter of phloem, xylem diameter, distance between vascular bundles, thickness of cortex, thickness of root epidermal and cortical area. There were anatomical changes in leaves and roots of Tifton (Cynodon sp) in all variables, and these modifications considered a form of plant adaptation to environmental changes caused by increasing concentrations of textile sludge. How to plant development, statistical difference was found for all variables tested, observed toxicity of the plants when the sludge was applied at concentrations above 5 t ha-1, concluding that the use of textile sludge in concentrations up to 5 t ha-1 consists of an alternative fertilizer for the cultivation of Tifton (Cynodon sp.)