Avaliação do potencial enzimático de fungos endofíticos de Coffea arabica (café), sob cultivo orgânico e convencional, na remediação de efluentes têxteis

Abstract

This study aimed to collect, isolate, identify and compare endophytic fungi associated with coffee plants grown under different managements; evaluate the enzymatic and biotechnological potential of selected fungi and correlate with the potential remediation ability of these fungi for textile dye Remazol Brilliant Blue (RBBR) and effluents generated by textile industries. We collected leaves of coffee plants kept under organic and conventional management systems. We identified 39 endophytic fungi morphospecies of isolates from organic system and 27 morphospecies from the conventional system. Seven isolates degraded dye RBBR arranged in solid medium and the four that showed better decolorization visually detected [CO. 5, CO. 10 (Colletotrichum sp.), CO.11a and CC.22 (Aspergilllus niger)] and standard fungus Lentinula edodes (INCQS 40 220) were analyzed for their capacity to produce ligninolytic enzymes and decolorization capacity in synthetic wastewater with and without addition of wood. All fungi studied secreted laccase and/or manganese peroxidase.It also promoted decolorization of the dye RBBR. Fungi CO.5 and CO.10 promoted discoloration and secreted enzymes ligninolytic, showing promising results in synthetic effluent. However, A. niger (CC.22) was more efficient, removing 94.67% of the color in only 48 hours and was selected for biodegradation analysis of textile effluent. In the analyzes in textile effluent A. niger (CC.22) was capable to produce enzymes and remove up to 72.22% color also at 48 hours of incubation, reinforcing the hypothesis that this basidiomycete fungus has potential to be measured in systems for pollutants remediation, such as textile effluents.