Avaliação da atividade antitumoral do extrato da raiz de Caesalpinia var. peltophoroides: isolamento, caracterização e modificação estrutural envolvendo a obtenção de complexos de rutênio, platina e vanádio

Abstract

The genus Caesalpinia consists of an inexhaustible source of bioactive metabolites present in more than 500 species distributed worldwide. Phytochemical studies of Caesalpinia led to the isolation of a diverse class of compounds, including diterpenes, steroids and flavonoids. It is known from literature that these species show a wide range of pharmacological properties, like anti- ulcerative, anticancer, antidiabetic , antiinflammatory , antimicrobial and anti- rheumatic activities. In this work were isolated gallic acid, propyl gallate and biflavonóide (5,7 – dihidróxi – 2 - (4 - hidróxifenil) - 3-(3 -(2,4 - dihidróxifenil) - 1-(4-hidróxifenil) - 3-oxopropil) - 4H-cromen - 4 - ona), from the roots of Caesalpinia var . peltophodoires. As the anticancer potential of gallic acid are well established in the literature in several tumor cell lines, only the biflavonoide and propyl gallate were submitted to the antitumor tests, while the second showed IC50 value of 1.60 mM ± 48 on line hepatocarcionoma cell ( HTC ), very close to the reference value, the cisplatin . In order to explore the antitumor activity of propyl gallate, the complexation to transition metals such as platinum, ruthenium and vanadium metals was performed. The compounds were characterized by absorption techniques, infrared and UV / Vis region, elemental analysis, conductivity, cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of ¹H, ¹³C and ³¹P{¹H } and X Ray diffraction. The complex [RuCl2(GP)(dppb)] and [VO(GP)2] obtained showed promising results against the tumor cell lines (A549, MCF7, HepG2 and U251) by showing that coordination leads to the synthesis of more complex active front the cancer cells, while the latter showed IC50 = 17.31± 0.11 µM(A549), IC50 = 19.12± 0.15 µM(HepG2) and IC50 = 24.03 ± 0.21µM(U251. When A549, HepG2 and U251 lines were treated under the same conditions with cisplatin, a potent anticancer agent, the IC50 value was found to be 20,3 ±1,6 µM, 14.5 ± 2,8 µM and 21.7±1,9 µM, respectively, showing that the compound has a great potential antiproliferative.