Interação nebivolol-atorvastatina: avaliação farmacocinética em estudo experimental

Abstract

Currently, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia affect a third of the world population. The occurrence of these two diseases concurrently is usual, requiring a treatment regimen involving drugs for the control of elevated blood pressure and serum cholesterol levels. This study proposes an experimental evaluation of pharmacokinetic interaction of third generation beta-blocker, nebivolol (NEB,) with atorvastatin (ATV), a statin that blocks the synthesis of cholesterol. For this, male Wistar rats (200-250g, n = 6 for each sampling point) were treated with single oral dose of both drugs, in association or not. Two analytical methods were developed, and the sample preparation was carried out by liquid-liquid extraction for both of them. The NEB was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (C18 column) with UV detection (282nm) and ATV by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer (column XR-ODS/C18) performance. The developed analytical methods were validated according to current legislation (ANVISA RDC 27/2012) being suitable for application in pharmacokinetic studies. Concentrations obtained were used for modeling of pharmacokinetic profiles for each group evaluated (NEB, ATV and NEB-ATV). No changes were observed on ATV pharmacokinetics when it were combined with the NEB. The association of NEB with ATV showed significant alterations (p <0.05) in the following parameters: increase in clearance (7.36 vs 10.79 L/h /kg) and (0.43 vs 0.80 h-1) the elimination constant in interactions compared to the control group; and reduction (1097.21 vs 745.45 ng.h/mL) of AUC0-∞ and (1.62 vs 0.88 h) half-life in interactions compared to the control group. These observed alterations may cause changes on NEB pharmacodynamics since AUC reduction was approximately 32%. The association, which is common in clinical practice, is not candidate to be used in the same pharmaceutical form.