Zoneamento ecológico-econômico do município de Alfenas - MG

Abstract

The ecologic-economic zoning was established by the National Environmental Policy for promoting sustainability and it is considered a strategy for the implementation of public policies of territorial planning. The aim of this study was to analyze the natural vulnerability of the Alfenas Municipality, along with its socioeconomic potential and its legislation. For that purpose, the Geographic Information Systems of the software ArcGis® 10.2 were used, where the database was structured and the multi-criteria analysis was applied, allowing the combined research of variables to generate a map summary. The natural vulnerability map represented the predominance of very low and low vulnerability classes and some areas with median class with undulating relief and land in preparation for the cultivation or bare soils. Meanwhile, the socioeconomic potential map was elaborated according to the potentials: natural, human, productive and institutional, through map algebra and presented practically a homogeneity between the rural and the urbanized areas. From the integrated analysis of these products, the Ecological-Economic Zoning map was elaborated, which propose four zones: of protection (22.50%), of agricultural aptitude for permanent and temporary crops (74.00%), of urban sprawl (2.69%) and of special use of industrial and commercial character (0.81%). Of the agricultural areas, 0.20% introduces restrictions on low-level technological practices, 71.20% with restrictions on low-level technological practices and regular aptitude to medium and high level technological practices and 2.60% without restrictions on agricultural practices. Zoning may contribute to the development and the implementation of public policies and to the orientation of the municipal management and civil society in their programs and investments. These, to respect the characteristics of each development zone, would promote the improvement of environmental conditions, the services provided and, consequently, the quality of life of the population of Alfenas-MG.