Caracterização do material particulado atmosférico e avaliação da qualidade do ar da cidade de Poços de Caldas-MG

Abstract

Every day is more common concern for air quality and air pollution, the consequences that can arise when the concentration of pollutants reaching levels above limits and their causes. Thus, the atmospheric monitoring is essential to ensure the quality of life of the population. This study aimed to measure the concentration of suspended particulate matter in the atmosphere in the city of Pocos de Caldas, where the particulate matter is any solid or liquid suspended with a diameter less or equal to 100 micrometers.. This measurement was performed during 24-hour periods through high-volume samplers, monitoring being the month of June 2014 and the months of December 2014 to May 2015. They were chosen eleven sampling points in urban areas to cover the main usage characteristics and land use in the municipality. It was also carried out the chemicalcharacterization of this material by x-ray fluorescence technique, where the atoms are excited in order to obtain the characteristic fluorescence of each element. The results showed that none of the points presented above concentrations of values ​​established by legislation to daily monitoring. For the geometric mean annual some points exceeded the side limits. The chemical analysis indicated that the compounds SiO2. Na2O, Al2O3, BaO, CaO, K2O, ZnO, CuO and C are, in that order, found in the highest concentration of total suspended particles. It was also observed that the meteorological data had direct influence on concentrations of particulate matter.