Emprego de nanotubos de carbono de acesso restrito na extração/pré-concentração direta de chumbo em amostras de soro humano seguido de análise por espectrometria de absorção atômica

Abstract

Restricted access carbon nanotubes (RACNTs) were synthesized and used as sorbent for the Pb²+ extraction/preconcentration directly from human blood serum samples. The RACNTs were able to exclude 100% of the protein percolated through it, as well as to extract/pre-concentrate Pb²+. The surface properties of the material were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), adsorption kinetics studies and studies of excluded proteins. The material allowed the development of a novel method for direct Pb²+determination in human serum samples using an “on-line” solid phase extraction system coupled to thermospray flame furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (TS-FF-AAS). In the optimized experimental conditions, the detection limit was 2.1 mg L-¹ with an enrichment factor of 5.5. The inter-and intra-day precisions for Pb²+ were less than 8.1% (RSD). The accuracy tests showed recoveries between 89.4 and 107.3% for the direct extraction of Pb²+ from blood serum sample, without any pretreatment. The material disposed in the column can be used for more than 200 sequential extractions in human serum samples, with no loss of protein capacity exclusion extraction and Pb² +.