Magnetita recoberta com filmes de redes poliméricas à base de poli(dimetilsiloxano) funcionalizados com o grupo amino: caracterização e propriedades de adsorção

Abstract

The intensification of industrialization resulted in a search for new technologies and processes that contribute to the remediation of different types of contaminants generated. With respect to aqueous effluent, the adsorption process is a promising technique and the search for effective adsorbent materials grown in the scientific field. The preparation of films from silicon-based materials functionalized with the amino group on particles of magnetite, its characterization and adsorption properties are the objects of study of this work. The catalyzed condensation procedure was used for preparing polymer network from precursor reagents poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) and 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS). The addition of magnetite was studied due to their magnetic properties with the objective of facilitate the removal of the absorbent. Three proportions were studied changing PDMS:APTMS, 1:1, 1:0.5 and 1:0.25 w/w, PNM1, PNM0.5 and PNM0.25, respectively. After the analysis of the Infrared spectra can be observed the presence of characteristic peaks of the network, characterizing the film formation recovering the magnetite. The x-ray diffraction powder indicated the stability of the crystalline phase of magnetite after network formation. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to verify the thermal stability of the materials, which was about 300°C. Experimental conditions for adsorption experiments were studied. Solution pH 5 and time of contact of 36 hours had showed to be adequate control parameters for maximum adsorption efficiency. Kinetic studies indicated that PNM1 and PNM0.25 follow chemisorptions mechanism and PNM0.5 follows pseudo-second order model. Adsorption capacities were of 0.56, 0.44 and 0.41 mmol g-¹ for PNM1, PNM0.5 and PNM0.25, respectively, on optimized conditions. The adsorption model proposed by Sips generates the best fit to adsorption process occurring on the three materials. Adsorption studies have showed that the material can adsorb another metals as Cd(II) (0.40, 0.20 e 0.29 mmol g-¹) e Pb(II) (0.42, 0.25 e 0.34 mmol g-¹) for PNM1, PNM0.5 and PNM0.25, respectively. Material reuse is possible for two cycles of adsorption-desorption, but just for one with an adequate efficiency.