Síntese, caracterização e avaliação da atividade anti-leishmania de complexos de Paládio(II) contendo ligantes imínicos

Abstract

For some time, transition metal complexes, especially cisplatin, have been investigated due to their antineoplastic and trypanocidal activities. There are several studies in literature that seek to exploit the properties of palladium complexes, such as cancer cells anti-proliferative activity, anti-inflammatory activity, bactericidal activity and applications in catalytic processes. As a study material, we have palladium(II) compounds, containing iminic ligands. The N,N'-bis(3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde)ethane-1,2-diamine (3,4dm-1,2am) and N-(p-dimethylamino)benzylidine-(p-dimethylamino)aniline ( 4dm-1,4fen) ligand is a Schiff Base and has its synthesis and characterization reported in literature. The compounds were characterized by elemental and thermogravimetric analyses, as well as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies ¹H and ¹³C, ultravioleta-visible and infrared (IR) spectroscopies. The results of NMR indicate the formation of N,N-chelated products ([Pd(Cl)2(3,4dm-1,2am)], [PdBrCl(3,4dm-1,2am)], [Pd(N3)2(3,4dm-1,2am)], [Pd(NCO)2(3,4dm-1,2am)]). Regarding the vibrational spectroscopy in the ultraviolet -visible, there was the shift of the absorption bands of the complexes indicating coordination of the ligand and the substitution of groups chlorides. This technique confirmed that the azide and cyanate groups are preferably coordinated N-terminal. The analysis of NMR ¹H and ¹³C, UV-Vis and IR spectra of ligand nitrogen (4dm-1,4fen) and complexes cyclopalladated ([Pd(μ-Cl)(4dm-1,4fen)]2) showed the presence of signs consistent with the proposed. The TG/DTA curves showed that the thermal decomposition of the palladium(II) complexes occurred in steps that involve the removal of both inorganic and organic ligand, and palladium oxidation steps forming palladium oxide followed by the reduction of palladium oxide into palladium(0), this being the constituent of the residual mass observed at the end of the TG curves, which have values consistent with the expected ones. The synthesized compounds were tested in biological assays against Leishmania where in vitro experiments with L. amazonensis promastigote cells were performed, and the compounds [Pd(N3)2(3,4dm-1,2am)] and [Pd(μ-Cl)(4dm-1,4fen)]2 showed IC50 near the Amphotericin B.