Ambiência para o trabalho de parto e parto normal institucionalizado: identificação do conceito

Abstract

The study evidences the concept of ambience for labor and normal institutionalized delivery; since both physical and social space influences the quality of care to the mother-child binomial. Ambience in health is characterized as a set of actions that comprise the physical space, the professional and the interpersonal relations; which integrated construct a health project focused on welcoming, resolutive and human attention (BRAZIL, 2010). Also, in the context of Obstetrics, the actions go beyond the physical-functional organization; Seeking the qualification of humanized childbirth care (BRAZIL, 2012). From this perspective, the guiding question of the study emerged; what is ambience for normal labor and institutionalized delivery? It aimed to identify, in the literature, the antecedents, defining attributes and the consequent of the concept of ambience for labor and normal institutionalized delivery. This study correspond to the first stage of the Qualitative Methodology of Concept Analysis (MORSE et al., 1996 p. 263) based on the guidelines and premises of the national of humanization politics (BRAZIL, 2013) and the humanization program on prenatal and birth (BRAZIL, 2002). The theoretical exploration was performed in the data bases: PsycInfo, COCHRANE, CINAHL, LILACS and PubMed. Resulted 57 references, that explained an ambience for normal labor and institutionalized delivery as a collective process of symbolic interaction between the parturient and the self, with the team and with the context, including the companion. Characterized by a series of sequential interaction events and interrelated with each other, in the achievement of empowerment and protagonism of labor and delivery by the parturient. The defining attributes of the concept describe the process of assistance interaction and the use of Non-Invasive Technologies. Already, the antecedents permeate the common and social context of the concept of ambience and are constituted of elements referring to the parturient and the qualification of the social and physical space. Finally, the consequent are elements resulting from the application of the concept and are mainly related to the outcome for normal delivery, pain relief and comfort, and parturient satisfaction and well-being. Also as a result, an unprecedented theoretical proposition was elaborated for the concept of ambience for labor and normal institutionalized delivery. The study offers subsidies for managers and professionals of Obstetrics to leverage transformations, in view of the excellence of obstetric care.