A importância da dialogicidade para a efetiva participação da comunidade local e da comunidade escolar

Abstract

We know that the school, in many moments, can have a management structured in a hierarchical and authoritarian way. Therefore, this dissertation aims to give its contribution by showing the elements which can help us to think about the construction of a problematic and liberating conception in a Freirean point of view, and consequently a more democratic and participatory management in order to build collective mechanisms of participation, in favor of a collective decision taking, in a more diplomatic way. In order to realize it, we based our dissertation on a dialogical conception of Learning, whose premises are the Learning Communities as a model of dialogical management. Consequently, we carried out this dissertation with the aim of analyzing the participation of the local and scholar communities of a school in the township of Alfenas in order to verify if this happens in a dialogical way, and for this reason, we aimed to understand the participation of the Local and Scholar Communities, taking under consideration some aspects: a democratic choice of the managers and the management of the director; the collective spaces for the participation - School Council, Student Association, Class Council, parent-teacher Association -; Involvement of the Local and Scholar Community and elaboration/consolidation of scholar documents - Political Pedagogical Project and School's Regiment. The data collection was carried out with a Communicative Methodological line of Investigation and we realized communicative interviews, life communicative reports, communicative discussion groups and communicative observations with all the school's representative segments, including the families, the children, the teachers and the other employees. The analyses were also carried out following this methodological line and their focuses were the transforming elements which are referred to the ways of overcoming the barriers in order to make a dialogical management happen in a Freirean point of view together with the excluding elements, in other words, those which impeded the realization of a dialogical management. The results show that, on the whole, in all of the aspects analyzed, this form of dialogue is not an effective characteristic in the participation of the local and scholar communities, there is a little participation of the Scholar Community and there is not participation of the Local Community and the families in taking school's decisions. Regarding the collective spaces for the participation and the scholar documents, the majority of the representative segments did not have the real comprehension of their functions, since the composition and the form of the choice were not carried out in a democratic way, but during the research, some excluding elements were transformed. On the other hand, we encountered some elements which contributed to the participation of the local and the scholar community in the school's management like for example the fact that although the school's director had been named by the municipal government, she showed favorable elements for the construction of the democratic participation, so coming closer to what we understand by dialogical management.