Síntese e caracterização de redes poliméricas a base de poli(dimetilsiloxano) e metacrilato de 2-(dimetilamino)etila para adsorção de íons cobre(II) de soluções aquosas

Abstract

Two novel organic-inorganic hybrid adsorbents based on poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) and 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) were prepared and applied for the removal of copper(II) ions in aqueous media. The materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), swelling measurements and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) were prepared with 1:0.5 weight ratio for PDMS:PDMAEMA in 1:0.4 and 1:1 molar ratios of PDMS and the crosslinker agent (3-chloropropyl)trimethoxysilane (CPTMS), respectively. Only the network with the highest amount of CPTMS was stable in water. This semi-IPN was able to adsorb about 34 % in mass of water, indicating that was obtained a material with higher hydrophilic character. The adsorption experiments results of copper(II) ions at room temperature reveal a high pH-dependence, reaching uptake capacity of 0.40 mmol g-¹ at pH 5 within 36 h. The adsorbent-adsorbate system was described by the pseudo-first order kinetic model and Sips adsorption model. Furthermore, reuse experiments suggested that PDMS/PDMAEMA semi-IPN could be a potential recyclable adsorbent in the treatment of aqueous systems. The second hybrid adsorbent was prepared by the polycondensation of poly(dimethylsiloxane) containing silanol terminals groups and methoxy groups of a previous prepared copolymer, the poly[vinyltrimethoxysilane-co-2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]. This adsorbent reached the swelling equilibrium at 23 % in mass of water, after approximately 18 days. The saturation of the active sites of the material was observed at pH 5, after 3 days, with each gram of material capable of adsorbing 0.48 mmol of copper(II) ions. The fractionaryorder and Sips model provided the best fit to the experimental data in kinetic and equilibrium studies of the adsorption process, respectively. Moreover, the reusability for this cross-linked organic–inorganic hybrid adsorbent was studied through usage-regeneration cycles without significant loss in its initial activity.